- The basic concept of BIPV
With the increasing interest in solar power generation, decentralized photovoltaic power generation systems are gradually gaining acceptance, and the commercialization of building-integrated photovoltaic systems (BIPV) was first achieved. These are mainly due to the following advantages of the BIPV decentralized photovoltaic power generation system:
① It can provide grid connection support, especially in areas with high load in summer;
② Reduce the cost and loss of power transmission and distribution;
③ Create a diverse and recoverable energy system;
④ No special approval or permission is required;
⑤ can be quickly promoted.
At the same time, the BIPV distributed photovoltaic power generation system also has the following attractive features for users:
①Buildings and living need to consume most of the electricity;
②The land used for construction is free;
③ There is currently no real estate tax to support photovoltaic systems and photovoltaic power generation;
④ Since the utilized area is a part of the building, there is no need to increase the cost;
⑤ The interconnection of electric energy has been realized to meet the needs of users (in most cases);
⑥ On the user side, users can sell electricity at retail prices;
⑦ According to the user’s frequency of use, the photovoltaic power generation system can bring considerable economic benefits;
⑧ Photovoltaic power generation system can reduce most of the greenhouse gas emissions, so as to achieve the greenhouse gas emission target.
- Classification of BIPV solar cell modules
In general, the components of BIPV building-integrated photovoltaic systems include three types: building-roof-integrated modules, building-curtain wall-integrated modules, and flexible modules.
(1) Building-roof-integrated modules Building-roof-integrated solar cell modules refer to a roof layer that combines solar cell modules, roof bases, and roofing materials on the surface of the roof (Figure 1). Building-roof-integrated solar cell modules can be divided into detachable, roof panel and thermal insulation types according to the installation method of solar cells on buildings.
① Detachable building roof integrated solar cell module;
②The roof panel type building roof integrated solar cell module;
③Insulated building roof integrated solar cell module;
④ Building roof-integrated solar cell modules using HIT solar cells.
Their advantages are: a. The part where the solar cell is set can save the roof tile, which can reduce the cost and save 50% of the man-hour compared with the frame setting method; b. The roof material laid under the solar cell can be saved, It can reduce the weight of the roof; c. Like the flat tile, it can maximize the use of the roof area, and the appearance is also very beautiful.
In addition, since the conversion efficiency of the hybrid solar cell is high, a large amount of power generation can be obtained with the same installation area. In addition, this kind of battery has better temperature characteristics, which can suppress the reduction of solar cell power generation during high temperature in summer.
(2) Integrated building curtain wall components Building curtain wall integrated solar cell modules are suitable for high-rise buildings and buildings. Used as wall materials and window materials, building curtain wall integrated solar cell modules can be divided into: glass wall type building curtain wall integrated solar cell modules, metal wall building curtain wall integrated solar cell modules, etc.
(3) Flexible building-integrated solar cell modules are mainly used for window glass, curved buildings, etc. (Figure 2).
With the research and development of building-integrated technology, large-area technology and construction methods, building-integrated solar cell modules will be more and more widely used in solar power generation (Figure 3).
